mybatis sql中使用<或<=时报错SAXParseException

2019-10-10

java
mybatis

使用mybatis时，当sql中使用<或<=时：

SELECT * FROM user WHERE age < 36
SELECT * FROM user WHERE age <= 36

会报错SAXParseException: 元素内容必须由格式正确的字符数据或标记组成。

org.apache.ibatis.builder.BuilderException: Error creating document instance.  Cause: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 7; columnNumber: 37; 元素内容必须由格式正确的字符数据或标记组成。
	at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean.buildSqlSessionFactory(SqlSessionFactoryBean.java:596) ~[mybatis-spring-2.0.2.jar:2.0.2]
	at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(SqlSessionFactoryBean.java:475) ~[mybatis-spring-2.0.2.jar:2.0.2]
	at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject(SqlSessionFactoryBean.java:616) ~[mybatis-spring-2.0.2.jar:2.0.2]
	at org.mybatis.spring.boot.autoconfigure.MybatisAutoConfiguration.sqlSessionFactory(MybatisAutoConfiguration.java:180) ~[mybatis-spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.1.0.jar:2.1.0]
	at org.mybatis.spring.boot.autoconfigure.MybatisAutoConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$9adef889.CGLIB$sqlSessionFactory$1(<generated>) ~[mybatis-spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.1.0.jar:2.1.0]
	at org.mybatis.spring.boot.autoconfigure.MybatisAutoConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$9adef889$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$abadc28a.invoke(<generated>) ~[mybatis-spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.1.0.jar:2.1.0]
	at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invokeSuper(MethodProxy.java:244) ~[spring-core-5.1.9.RELEASE.jar:5.1.9.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:363) ~[spring-context-5.1.9.RELEASE.jar:5.1.9.RELEASE]
	at org.mybatis.spring.boot.autoconfigure.MybatisAutoConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$9adef889.sqlSessionFactory(<generated>) ~[mybatis-spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.1.0.jar:2.1.0]
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:154) ~[spring-beans-5.1.9.RELEASE.jar:5.1.9.RELEASE]
	... 44 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.apache.ibatis.builder.BuilderException: Error creating document instance.  Cause: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 7; columnNumber: 37; 元素内容必须由格式正确的字符数据或标记组成。
	at org.apache.ibatis.parsing.XPathParser.createDocument(XPathParser.java:260) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2]
	at org.apache.ibatis.parsing.XPathParser.<init>(XPathParser.java:126) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2]
	at org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLMapperBuilder.<init>(XMLMapperBuilder.java:80) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2]
	at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean.buildSqlSessionFactory(SqlSessionFactoryBean.java:593) ~[mybatis-spring-2.0.2.jar:2.0.2]
	... 57 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: 元素内容必须由格式正确的字符数据或标记组成。
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:203) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.fatalError(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:177) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:400) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:327) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLScanner.reportFatalError(XMLScanner.java:1472) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.startOfMarkup(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:2635) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:2732) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:602) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:505) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:842) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:771) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:141) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.DOMParser.parse(DOMParser.java:243) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.DocumentBuilderImpl.parse(DocumentBuilderImpl.java:339) ~[na:1.8.0_172]
	at org.apache.ibatis.parsing.XPathParser.createDocument(XPathParser.java:258) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2]
	... 60 common frames omitted

这是由于mybatis的SQL配置在XML中，一些特殊符号在XML解析时被转义。

像 “<” 和 “&” 字符在 XML 元素中都是非法的。
"<" 会产生错误，因为解析器会把该字符解释为新元素的开始。
"&" 会产生错误，因为解析器会把该字符解释为字符实体的开始。

方法一：使用转义字符

符号	转义符号
<	<
<=	<=

SELECT * FROM user WHERE age &gt;= 36

方法二：使用CDATA

SELECT * FROM user WHERE <![CDATA[ age < 36 ]]>

XML 文档中的所有文本均会被解析器解析。
只有 CDATA 区段中的文本会被解析器忽略。
CDATA 部分由 "<![CDATA[" 开始，由 "]]>" 结束：